Washington, D.C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly
referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C., is the
capital of the United States, founded on July 16, 1790. Article
One of the United States Constitution provides for a federal
district, distinct from the states, to serve as the permanent
national capital. The City of Washington was originally a
separate municipality within the federal territory until an act
of Congress in 1871 established a single, unified municipal
government for the whole District. It is for this reason that
the city, while legally named the District of Columbia, is known
as Washington, D.C. The city shares its name with the U.S. state
of Washington, which is located on the country's Pacific coast.
The city is located on the north bank of the Potomac River and
is bordered by the states of Virginia to the southwest and
Maryland to the other sides. The District has a resident
population of 599,657; because of commuters from the surrounding
suburbs, its population rises to over one million during the
workweek. The Washington Metropolitan Area, of which the
District is a part, has a population of 5.4 million, the
eighth-largest metropolitan area in the country. |